What Is a Motherboard?
A motherboard is a circuit board with various components that work in unison to make a computer function.
Motherboard-what-is
We’ve established that a motherboard is the headquarters of a large corporation. But surely, the headquarters is not the only vital aspect to making a company successful. Just like there are different branches of a company, a motherboard has different parts within it that work together to transmit data to each other.
Form Factor.
The form factor is basically how a motherboard is formed, or how it physically looks regarding its specifications (namely size, shape, and layout).Take McDonald’s for instance. While all McDonald’s restaurants operate the same way, some are set up differently. Some have play centers, fancy self-ordering touch screens, and unbroken ice cream machines.
Motherboard-form-factor.
It’s the same with form factors. While all motherboards operate the same way, different models have different kinds of ports, dimensions, and mounting holes. Popular form factors include:
The chipset allows data to flow between various components, namely the CPU, peripherals, ATA drives, graphics, and memory.
It can be divided into these two categories:
CPU Socket.
This is basically a little habitat for the CPU to rest in. A CPU is a small square with a bunch of pins and connectors underneath it that help to interpret and transmit data carried out by the northbridge part of a chipset.
Motherboard-cpu.
Think of the CPU like the overachieving office assistant to a CFO/COO. The office assistant resides in its own cubicle (or in this case, the CPU socket) to execute various kinds of tasks.
It’s like a CFO/COO telling an office assistant to schedule meetings, make phone calls, and go on coffee runs. The office assistant, or CPU, carries out these kinds of tasks (but in a more mathematical kind of way, as the CPU reads input and output instructions).
Having a high-quality CPU (and office assistant for the matter) is important to the overall speed and efficiency of a computer.
Slots.
Slots are like these kinds of departments for a motherboard, with branches like:
All of the components mentioned above would not work in unison without the necessary data buses that connect everything together.Think of data buses as a form of communication.So in a large company, if the CFO/COO wants to tell an office assistant what to do, how would they go about it? Email? Phone? An in-person conversation? It doesn’t matter as long as there is some form of communication going on.
Motherboard-data-bus1.
It’s the same idea with a motherboard. All of the components transmit data to one another through data buses.
How It All Works..
In short, a motherboard serves as the headquarters of a computer which transmits data via data buses. These data buses go through the northbridge and southbridge parts of a chipset, which then venture off into other components like the CPU, RAM, PCI, PCIe, etc.
A motherboard is a circuit board with various components that work in unison to make a computer function.
Motherboard-what-is
We’ve established that a motherboard is the headquarters of a large corporation. But surely, the headquarters is not the only vital aspect to making a company successful. Just like there are different branches of a company, a motherboard has different parts within it that work together to transmit data to each other.
Form Factor.
The form factor is basically how a motherboard is formed, or how it physically looks regarding its specifications (namely size, shape, and layout).Take McDonald’s for instance. While all McDonald’s restaurants operate the same way, some are set up differently. Some have play centers, fancy self-ordering touch screens, and unbroken ice cream machines.
Motherboard-form-factor.
It’s the same with form factors. While all motherboards operate the same way, different models have different kinds of ports, dimensions, and mounting holes. Popular form factors include:
- ATX: The prom queen of form factors, the ATX is a popular choice and features large dimensions (most being 12 x 9.6 inches)
- microATX: A smaller version of the standard ATX with fewer parameters
- Mini-ATX: Smaller than the micro version, these are designed for mobile CPUs
- Mini-ITX: Smaller than an ATX board (6.7 x 6.7 inches), the mini-ITX form factors are quiet and don’t use a lot of power
- Nano-ITX: In between a Pico and Mini-ITX, this works well with thin devices
- Pico-ITX: Really tiny with a 3.9 x 2.8 in. dimension size and holds up to 1 GB
- Other discontinued form factors include BTX, LPX, and NLX.
The chipset allows data to flow between various components, namely the CPU, peripherals, ATA drives, graphics, and memory.
It can be divided into these two categories:
- Northbridge: Located on the “north” side of a chipset, it “bridges” together the following components: CPU, RAM, and PCIe
- Southbridge: Located on the “south” side of a chipset, it “bridges” together the following components: BIOS, USB, SATA, and PCI
- Think of a chipset like the CEO of a large company, with the Northbridge and Southbridge acting as the CFO and COO.
CPU Socket.
This is basically a little habitat for the CPU to rest in. A CPU is a small square with a bunch of pins and connectors underneath it that help to interpret and transmit data carried out by the northbridge part of a chipset.
Motherboard-cpu.
Think of the CPU like the overachieving office assistant to a CFO/COO. The office assistant resides in its own cubicle (or in this case, the CPU socket) to execute various kinds of tasks.
It’s like a CFO/COO telling an office assistant to schedule meetings, make phone calls, and go on coffee runs. The office assistant, or CPU, carries out these kinds of tasks (but in a more mathematical kind of way, as the CPU reads input and output instructions).
Having a high-quality CPU (and office assistant for the matter) is important to the overall speed and efficiency of a computer.
Slots.
- Think of slots like different branches/departments of a company.
- Most companies have departments for things like marketing, human resources, accounting, research, etc.
Slots are like these kinds of departments for a motherboard, with branches like:
- Memory/DIMM Slots: Used for holding memory/RAM
- PCI: Connects expansion cards like video, network, and sound cards
- PCIe: A modern version of PCI but with a different interface that can work with almost any kind of expansion card
- USB: Used for USB connectors like flash drives, although not very common
- SATA: Used for optical/hard disk/solid-state drives
All of the components mentioned above would not work in unison without the necessary data buses that connect everything together.Think of data buses as a form of communication.So in a large company, if the CFO/COO wants to tell an office assistant what to do, how would they go about it? Email? Phone? An in-person conversation? It doesn’t matter as long as there is some form of communication going on.
Motherboard-data-bus1.
It’s the same idea with a motherboard. All of the components transmit data to one another through data buses.
How It All Works..
- When you turn your computer on, power is sent from the power supply on to the motherboard.
- Data is transferred via data buses and goes through the northbridge and southbridge part of the chipset.
- The northbridge part connects information to the CPU, RAM, and PCIe.
- The RAM starts to send contributions to the CPU, which "translates" these activities as a yield. Information to the PCIe is then exchanged to an extension card, contingent upon which type you have.
In short, a motherboard serves as the headquarters of a computer which transmits data via data buses. These data buses go through the northbridge and southbridge parts of a chipset, which then venture off into other components like the CPU, RAM, PCI, PCIe, etc.
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